Lappet-loom.



Nu. 656,199. Patented Aug. 2|, I900. J. R. MAOCOLL.

LAPPET LODM.

(Application filed Jan. 28', 1898.) (No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Patented Aug. 2|, I900. J. R. MAGCOLL- LAPPET LOOM.

(Application filed Jan. 28. 18

7 Sheets-Sheet 3 (No Model.)

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No. 656,l99. I Patented Aug. 2|, I900. J. R. MAGCOLL.

LAPPET LOOM.

(Application filed Jan. 28, 1898.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 4 (No Model.)

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Patented Aug. 21, I900. J. R. MAcCOLL.

No. 656,l99.

L A P P E T L 0 0 M (Applicx itiogn filed Jan. 28, 1898.)

7 Sheets-Sheet 5,

(No Model.)

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J. R. MAcCDLL.

LAPPET LOUM.

(Application filed Jan. 28, 1898.)

(N0 Model.)

Patented Aug. 21, I900.

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Nd. 656,l99. Patented Aug. 2|, I900. J. R. MAGCOLL.

LAPPET LOOM.

(Applicatiop filed Jan. 28, 189 8.)

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'NrTE STATES JAMEsR. MAcCOLL, on PAwTUoKEr, RHODE ISLAND.

JLAPPE T -LOoM;

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters lPatent'No. 656,199, dated August 21 1900.

I. Application filed January 28, 189$. Serial No 668,323. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that'LJAMEs R. MAOOOLL, a citizen of the United States, residing at'Pawtucket, in the State ofRhode Island, have invent-ed a new and useful Improvement in 'Lappet-Looms, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of lappetloomsin which theneedles'are mountedin a. frame or needle-carrier-which carries them; crosswise of the warp to form the stitches, but in which the needles are individ ual] y inserted into the shed-to form the figure; and it 'consists in combining the needle-frame or cabv rier and means for vibrating it crosswise of the warp with means connected with the-lay for moving the needles individually endwise and a selecting pattern mechanism which controls the operationof the means connected with the lay for moving the needles endw-ise, and thereby determines the figure.

Heretofore the pattern mechanism pulled the needles into the shed against the force of the weights or springs which pulled them out; I but in my improved loom the needles are moved either into or out of the shed, or both, by means other than the selecting pattern 1necl1anism, and'thenew result is that myimproved loom can be operated at a much higher speed than any other loom of this classand with much less liability of defective goods.

In the best form of my invention the means for moving the needles endwise' operate to move the needles in both, directions;jbut it will be obvious that the pattern mechanism may retainthe function of moving the needles toward the shed, and the other means for moving the needles endwise will then operate only to move the needles away from the shed; but this will be a practical embodiment of my invention for the reason that the se1ecting pattern mechanism will not be required to move the needles against the force of weights One advantage of this feature of my I i collected in groups-at one or both sides of the warpand maybe'carried in groups through the warp. The main purpose of this feature of my invention is to" get'rid of the objection of the individual needle connections passing through the warp, which exists when the selecting pattern mechanism acts directly upon the needles. When flexible connections are used between the-needles and the selecting pattern mechanism, the latter may be placed wherever most convenient, as will be clear from the drawings, while if the selecting pattern mechanism acted directly or through rigidconnections to determine which of the needles-should be operated there would be much less freedom as to the location of the selecting pattern mechanism. I A third feature of myinvention consists in improved means' for applying yielding tension' to lappet-threads to compensate for th movement of the needles.

In. the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a front elevation of the loom with a portion of the frame and the lay-beam broken away. Fig. 2 represents an end elevation of the loom. I Fig'. 3 represents avertical section of the selective jacquard mechanism, taken on the line 3 3 of Fig.2. Fig. 4 represents a detail top view showing the hole-board and a portion of the grouped cord connection for causing the engagement of the needles. Fig. 5 represents an enlarged'deta-il section taken in the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, showing the needle in itsengaged position. Fig. 6 represents adetail section showing the'eng'aged and disen gaged positions of the needle. Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail view showing the adjustable stop for limiting the endwise movements of the needle-carrying frame. Fig. 8 represents avertical section showing the posit-ion of the warp-threads at the forward beat of the lay.

Fig. 9 represents the same at the backward I trating a modification in the means for causin g the selective engagement of the needles.

Figs. 16 and 17 are enlarged detail sectional viewsshowing another modification. Fig. 18 represents a back view of the needles employed in the modification shown in Figs. 16 and 17. Fig. 19 represents a section of the needle-frame,showing side View of the needle. Fig. 20 represents a detail front view showing the needles and needle-carrying frame for the construction shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 21 represents the same for the modification shown in Figs. 14 and 15. Fig. 22 represents the same for the modification shown in Figs. 16 and 17.

In the drawings, A represents the frame of the loom, B the lay, and O the crank-shaft for operating the lay. To the back of the swords D D of the lay are secured the ends of the bars E E, which are each provided with a longitudinal slot at, through which the shanks of the needles F pass, and between the bars E and E is placed the horizontal sliding frame G for holding the needles, the said frame being held in proper sliding connection with the said bars E E by means of the guidelugs c c, which hold the opposite edges of the upper and lower bars (1 (Z of the frame, the said bars (1 (1 being connected to each other by means of the end posts 6 e. The upper bar dis provided with a series of holesf, as shown in Fig. 13, adapted to loosely receive the cylindrical portion 7) of the needles F, and the lower bar d is provided at one side with the notches f to receive the flattened portion 1) of the needle-shanks. The needle will thus be prevented from turning, and the lower end of the needle-shank may be moved inward and outward to cause the engagement of the needle with the engaging catch-rib g of the rising and falling bar H, the said rib being caused to engage with the notch h made in the edge of the flattened portion 1) of the shank of the needle to carry the engaged needle positively up and down therewith, thus allowing the loom to be driven at the proper rate of speed without liability to accident, the engagement and disengagement of the needles being etfected at their extreme downward position in the needle-carrying frame. The bar H is secured at its opposite ends to the guide-rods I I by means of the screws i, the said guide-rods being adapted for up-anddown sliding movement in suitable perforations made in the bars E E, and at the upper end of the guide-rods I I is secured the bar J, which carries the shuttle guide-pinsj, and the proper up-and-down movement is imparted to the bar II by means of the inclined links K K, which are pivoted at their upper ends to the cars 7t at the rearward side of the bar II and at their lowerends to the bell-crank levers L L, which are loosely held on the pivot-rod M of the lay and made capable of adjustment by means of the bolts Z, which serve to connect the upper ends of the bell-crank levers L L with the tie-beam m of the loomframe. The movement of the lay to its backward position, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5, operates to cause the proper raising of the bar H, whereby the needles engaged therewith will be properly raised into the shed. The shuttle guide-pins j will also be carried upward with the upward movement of the bar H and the engaged needles. The needles F are actuated to engagement and disengagement with the catch-rib g of the bar H by means of a series of levers 'n, loosely held upon the pivoting-rod 0, which is supported by means of the brackets 19, secured to the lower bar d of'the needle-carrying frame G, the said levers n being held in their raised position in which the notch h of the needle will be engaged with the catch-rib g by means of the spiral spring q, the lever 71 being actuated downwardly against the resilience of the spring q to release the needle from the catch-rib g of the bar II by means of the cord 7-, which passes downward to the hole-board N and thence to the selecting mechanism 0 for the needles. The flattened portion 1) of the shank of the needle passes loosely through a slot-opening s at one side of the lever a, the said slot-opening being so arranged relatively to the pivoting-rod 0, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, that the downward movement of the end i of the lever 11 will cause the movement of the notch it away from the catch-rib g, as shown by the dotted line in Fig. 6, and when the needles are thus disengaged from the rib g of the bar 11 the lower end of the shank of the needle will be caused to rest upon the top of the angle-iron P,which is attached at its ends to the swords D D of the lay. The hole-board N is attached to suitable arms Q, secured to the pivot-rod M of the lay, and the cords r after passing from the levers it through the hole-board N are collected in groups to single cords r, as shown in Fig. 4, the said cords r passing under the scored pulleys R and thence upward outside of the end of the loom-frame to the lower ends of the hooks u of the jacquard selecting mechanism 0. The hook it is loosely held in the eye to of the spring-actuated wire 10 the lower end of the hook it being bent upward and turned to a hook u which by engaging with the fixed bar 1) serves to limit the downward movement of the hook u, the cords r being attached to the hook to at the bight 20 The lifting knife S, which serves to carry the hooks upward, is caused to move up and down by means of the links T T, jointed to the bell-crank levers U U, which form the bearings for the square turning block V, by means of which the chain of pattern-cards IV is brought forward for action upon the ends of the spring-actuated wires to cause the disengagement of the hooks u with the lifting knife, the said knife being actuated up and down and the turning block V vibrated back and forth by means of the eccentric X on the crank-shaft O and the connecting-link Y, the block V being turned at each backward movement by means of the hook W, and by means of the holes made in the pattern-cards W- the proper needles or groups of needles will be selected to form the pattern, the hooks it, which are pressed back by the action of the patterncards upon the wires if, being prevented from engagement with the lifting knife S.

Endwise movement is imparted to the needle-holding frame Gr to form the stitch by means of the opposite cams H H upon the lower shaft J the said cams being arranged to act upon the levers H H, from the outer ends of which yielding connection is made with the opposite ends of the needle-carrying frame by means of the leather straps r r attached to the end posts 6 e of the frame, the said straps passing over the pulleys r r and being connected to the ends of the-levers H H by means of the spiral springs r r, and adjustable stops 8 s are provided to limit the movement of the needle-holding frame to the desired length of stitch. The lappetthreads 0, are wound upon the rolls 0, arranged in two parallel series in the upright standards A A, and from the said rolls the threads are passed through the hole-board B, and thence to the upper eye 2" of the crosswires j of the tension-rods O, the said tension-rods beingloosely journaled in the frame and actuated in the proper direction by means of the torsion-springs it. The threads ct after being passed through the upper eyes i are passed downward along the side of the crosswires j and through the lower eyes 11 thence under the guide-rod D, and under the reed F to the eye of thevneedle F, the position of the warp-threads k k and the lappet-threads at the forward position of the lay being shown in Fig.8 and at the backward position in Fig. 9.

In the operation of the loom the selecting pattern mechanism 0 operates, by means of the reciprocating knife S to cause the engagement or disengagement of the needles with the catch-rib g of the needle-operating bar H, and the action of a selecting'mechanism in connection with a separate needleactuating mechanism by means of which the needles are moved individually endwise either into or out of the shed, or both, is an important feature of my invention, which is entirely distinct from a construction in which the needles are actuated endwise by the direct action of the knife S of the selecting mechanism, as heretofore.

A modification of my invention is shown in Figs. 14, 15, and2l, in which the needles are caused to rise into the shed by means of a se ries of rising and falling catches m which are caused to engage with the shanks of the needles at the backward movement of the lay, the engagement of the said catches with the shanks of the needles being controlled by the I selective pattern mechanism, with which the said catches are in 'operative connection. The needle-holding frame G is guided for sliding endwise movement by means of the brackets G and G attached to the swords of the lay, and the shuttle guide-pins are attached to the bar J, as before described, so as to have a movement into and out of the shed in timely relation to the backward-and-forward movement of the lay, the said bar J being attached to the upper ends of the sliding guide-rods I I, which are held for up-and-down movement in suitable perforations made in the brackets G2 G the proper up-and-down movement being imparted to the said guide-rods by means of the inclined links K K, which are pivoted at their upper ends to the bracket-pieces 1 secured to the said sliding rods, and at their lower ends to the bell-cranklevers L L, as before described. The needles F are guided for up-and-down movement in suitable per forations made in the upper and lower bars at d of the needle-holding frame G, the said needles being prevented from dropping away from the said frame by means of the stop pieces f attached to the shanks of the me dles by means of screws f the lower ends of the said stop-pieces engaging with the upper side of the lower bar (1 of the needle-holding frame G when the needles are in their lower position, as shown in Fig. 14. The lifting catches m are pivotally held upon a rod m which is adapted at each end to slide endwise in suitable perforations made in bracketpieces 1 and the required endwise movement is imparted to the rod m in order to preserve the proper relative position of the lifting catches with their respective needles by means of the slotted arm on, attached to the lower bar d of the needle-holding frame, so as to move therewith, and suitable collars arranged upon the said sliding pivot-rod m at each side of the said slotted arm, and bythis means the lifting catches m and their respective needles F will be moved in unison transversely of the warp by the action of the stitch mechanism. The lifting catches m? are adapted for engagement with the lower ends of the shanks of the needles F, the said catches being carried upward with the upward movement of the bracket-pieces I at the backward movement of the lay, thus causing the movement of the selected needles into the shed in accordance with the requirements of the pattern, the pivot-rod m being caused to move up and down in the slot of the arm m In order to cause the required automatic backward movement of the lifting catches from their engagement with the lower ends of the shanks of the needles, a wooden bar on is employed, provided at its ends with rods 92 which slide loosely in a perforation made in the downwardly-extendingears n of the bracket-pieces 1 the said rods n being connected to the pivot-rod m by means of the connecting-arms 72, whereby the bar m will partake of the endwise movement of therod m The wooden bar m is provided with perforationsri adapted to receive spiral springs M, which by acting against the under side of the rearwardly-extending arm m of the lifting catch m will serve to cause the automatic 7 disengagement of the lifting catch from its en gagement with the shank of the needle F. Suitable connection is made between the arms m of the lifting catches and the selecting mechanism 0 by means of cord connections r, which pass through the perforations of the hole-board N, arranged at the ends of the bell-crank levers L, and thence to the selecting mechanism, as before described. In the operation of a loom embodying this modification the selecting mechanism 0 operates, by means of the reciprocating knife S upon the hooks u, to cause the required engaging movement of the individual lifting catches m of the needle-operating mechanism at the backward movement of the lay, and the selected needles when raised into the shed are brought with certainty back to their normal position (shown in Fig. 14) by means of the bar 111 secured at its opposite ends to the sliding guide-rods I I and moving therewith, the said bar at its downward movement being caused to engage with the upper ends of the stoppieces f of the raised needles.

Another modification of my invention is shown in Figs. 16, 17, 1S, and 22, in which the needle-holding frame G has an up-and-down movement, the said frame consisting of the upper perforated bar a the lower perforated bar a and the connecting end posts aa the cylindrical shanks of the needles F being loosely held in the perforations made in the said upper and lower bars. The needle-holding frame G is held in suitable upper and lower guide-bars 1-1 1-1 extending longitudinally of the lay, the said guide-bars being connected to each other by the upright sliding rods I 1 to which the said guide-bars are securely attached, the said sliding rods being held for up-and-down movement by means of the brackets J J and K K attached to the swords D D of the lay, and the proper up-and-down movement is imparted to the said guide-bars and the needle-holding frame, as shown by the full and dotted lines in Fig. 16, by means of inclined links K, which are pivoted at their upper ends to the rearward side of the lower guide-bar II and at their lower ends to the bell-crank levers L,.

j are attached to the upper guide-bar II and pass upward into the shed through the guideopening a at the back of the lay-beam H at each backward movement of the lay. The bar J which serves to return the needles to their normal position for the entrance of the needles into the shed, is turned downwardly at its ends and secu red to the prolongations a of the brackets K whereby the said bar will be held in a fixed position, while the guide-bars H H and the needle-holding frame will receive an up-and-down movement relatively to the laybeam at the backward and forward movement of the same. The shanks a of the nee dles F are provided with a notch a", adapted for the engagement of the frictional catchspring 17 therewith, the said spring being attached to the lower bar a of the needle-holding frame G, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19, one of the said needles being shown in Fig. 18 without its retaining-spring in order to show the notch a made in the shank of the needle to receive the frictional engaging bend b at the upper end of the said spring, whereby the needle will be carried upward with the frame G. The needles F are provided with the catch-pieces b held between the upright guides Z) l), which serve to prevent the needles from turning, the said catch-pieces being secured to the shanks of the needles by means of the screws (7 The catch-pieces I) extend downward parallel with the side of the shanks of the needles and are provided with the projecting catch b which at the upward movement of the needle-holding frame G and the guide-bars H 11 may come in contact with the catch-pawl b which is pivoted at c to the bar H, the said bar being secured to the under side of the lay-beam H for sliding movement by means of the fixed guiderod I-l which is secured to the lay-beam by means of the brackets c c, the said bar H being secured to the guide-rod for sliding movement thereon by means of the perforated hanger 0 which is secured by means of screws to one end of the said bar H, and the perforated hanger and guide-arm c ,which is secured by means of screws to the other end of the said bar and is forked at its outer end 0 to receive the post a of the needle-holding frame G, whereby the said bar I ,which carries the catch-pawls b ,will be caused to move back and forth longitudinally in connection with the needle-holding frame G, so that the said catch pawls will be uniformly maintained in line with their respective catches b while the needles are being moved back and forth transversely of the warp by suitable mechanism, and a guide 0, attached to the lay-beam H is provided to prevent the swinging movement of the bar H upon the guiderod 11 The catch-pawls b are actuated for automatic disengagement from the catch 11 by means of the spiral spring (1 arranged between the arm d of the catch-pawl b and the side of the sliding bar H, to which the said catch-pawl is pivoted. The connectingcords r are attached to the outer ends of the projecting arms d of the catch-pawls b and pass downward to the hole board N, and thence to a selecting mechanism, as shown in Fig. 1. In the operation of the loom the backward movement of the lay will serve to cause the needles to rise into the shed, except when they are inhibited from upward movement with the needle-frame by the engagement of the catch-pawls b with the catches b the said engagement being effected by means of the cords r and the selecting mechanism, and when the upward movement of the needle has been so inhibited the said needle will be subsequently carried back to its normal position relatively to the needle-holding frame G by the engagement of the lower end of the shank of the needle with the upper surface of the bar J upon the downward movement of the needle-holding frame at the beating-up forward movement of the lay, the needle being carried upward into the shed of the warp with the upward movement of the needle-holding frame G by the frictional engagement of the catch-spring b with the notch 05 of the shank of the needle. In the operation of a loom embodying this modification the needle-holding frame G has an up-anddown reciprocating movement, while the needles are moved endwise in the needle-holding frame by means of the stationary catch-pawls b", which are acted upon by the reciprocating knife S of the selecting mechanism 0 through the engaging hooks a and their cord connections, sothat the needles F are not in this case moved into the shed by the direct action of the selecting mechanism thereon, 'as hereto-- fore.

The several drawings illustrate the invention as applied to a loom in which the lappetstitch is made of uniform length throughout the pattern; but the well-known means for automatically varying the length or both the length and position of the stitch may be employed, as shown, for instance, in my Letters Patent of the United States No. 570,259.

I claim as my invention 1. In a lappet-loom the combination of needles adapted for independent movement into the shed, means for moving the needles laterally of the warp, means connected with the lay for moving the needles endwise, and a pattern mechanism for selecting the needles to be moved endwise, substantially as described.

2. In a lappet-loom the combination of needles adapted for independent movement into the shed, means for moving the needles laterally of the warp, means connected with the lay for moving the needles endwise, a pattern mechanism for selecting the 'needles to be moved endwise, and flexible connections between the pattern mechanism and the means for moving the needles endwise, substantially as described.

3. In a lappet-loom thecombination of needles adapted for independent movement into the shed, means for moving the needles laterally of the warp, means connected with the, lay for moving the needles positively in both directions endwise, and a pattern mechanism for selecting the needles to be moved endwise. V

4. In a lappet-loom, the combination of needles adapted to be controlled individually as to their movement into the shed, means for moving the needles laterally of the warp, means connected with the lay for moving the needles endwise, a pattern mechanism for selecting the needles to be moved endwise, and flexible connections between the needles and the pattern mechanism, said connections being grouped together at that side of the warp from which the needles enter and thence operated in groups by means of leading connections to the pattern mechanism.

JAMES R. MAOCOLL.

Witnesses:

SocRATEs SOHOLFIELD, HARRY J. GARcE'AU. 

